Little Owl, a UK introduction almost universally accepted as tickable on a UK list Many birders keep bird lists. These, for example, might record the number of birds seen in the UK, worldwide, or a particular country or area. Two issues arise when deciding what birds to include in such lists, what constitutes a species and how to identify a true wild bird as opposed to one which has escaped from an aviary. In this blog I will give my own personal thoughts on this somewhat controversial topic. My thinking on this issue will be guided by objectivity wherever possible driven by my scientific background. The former is perhaps the easiest of these two issues to address. Modern affordable and rapid DNA sequencers provide the ability to study birds DNA rapidly and economically. It should be hence possible to define the level of DNA divergence between two birds necessary for them to be recognised as separate species. Delving a bit further , there are a number of ...